Awali Mei dengan menulis sesuatu yang mudah-mudahan bermanfaat.. Kali ini tentang si Gerund, yaitu bentuk Ving yang berperan sebagai kata benda. Kapan menggunakan Gerund? Tentunya hal ini dapat dengan mudah kita pahami jika kita sudah mengetahui apa saja fungsi-fungsinya. Check it out!!
Fungsi Gerund:
A. SEBAGAI SUBJECT
Contoh: Swimming is my hobby.
B. DI BELAKANG PREPOSISI:
1. in, at, on, for, of, after, up, dsb
Contoh: Rina is interested in reading a novel.
2. to, berlaku untuk semua tenses, dan terbatas pada kata-kata di bawah ini:
VERB:
He takes to living in a village
He has taken to living in a village
He is taking to living in a village
- object to (keberatan)
- look forward to (menanti-nanti)
- confess to (mengakui)
BUKAN VERB:
He used to smoke
(Kebiasaan merokok di waktu lampau, namun sekarang sudah tidak lagi)
He is used to smoking (‘to-be’ à Ving)
Terbiasa merokok dari dulu sampai sekarang.
- to be accustomed to (terbiasa)
C. SEBAGAI OBJECT
1) Beberapa kata kerja yang selalu diikuti oleh Gerund (Ving) sebagai object.
- admit (mengakui)
- appreciate (menghargai)
- avoid (menghindari)
- begin (memulai)
- consider (menganggap)
- continue (melanjutkan)
- delay (menunda)
- deny (menolak)
- enjoy (menikamti)
- finish (menyelesaikan)
- forgive (memaafkan)
- can’t stand (tidak dapat menahan)
|
- can’t help (tidak dapat menahan)
- it’s no use/ good (tidak ada
- gunanya/baiknya)
- hate (membenci)
- keep (tetap)
- like (menyukai)
- mind (keberatan)
- postpone (menunda)
- practice (praktek)
- prefer (lebih suka)
- prevent (mencegah)
- regret (menyesal)
|
Contoh:
He enjoys playing football = He enjoys to play football
Penggunaan Ving pada kalimat di atas memiliki arti yang sama dengan to + V1, kecuali pada 3 kata stop, forget, dan remember.
| Rumus |
S + Stop/ Forget/Remember + Ving
|
S + Stop/ Forget/Remember + To + V1
|
| Penggunaan |
untuk aktivitas yang sudah dikerjakan |
untuk aktivitas yang belum dikerjakan |
| Contoh |
He stops drinking |
He stops to drink |
| Makna |
Dia menghentikan minum untuk mengerjakan sesuatu. |
Di menghentikan sesuatu untuk minum. |
2) Selain itu, object berupa Ving juga biasa terletak di belakan Possessive Pronoun (my, your, our, her, his, their, dsb).
Contoh:
Sita likes his acting as a joker.
3) Penggunaan Ving sebagai object setelah kata kerja ‘want, need, require’ bermakna pasif (di/ ter).
Contoh:
The rooms need cleaning = The rooms needs to be cleaned.
EXERCISES
1. In her letter, Ani said that she was looking forward ______ from me again. (B2)
- to hearing
- to hear
- hearing
- having hear
- to being heard
2. Darno has been working hard these days. He has to stop ______. (C1)
- take a good rest
- to take a good rest
- taken a good rest
- for taking a good rest
- taking a good rest
3. In the last few years many people have taken up ________ as regular sport. (B1)
- to cycle
- cycling
- cycle
- they cycle
- to be cycling
4. “Do you really want to buy this old crumbling house?”
“Yes, we know the house needs ________ but we love the surroundings.” (C3)
- to repair
- to be repairing
- repairing
- repaired
- be repairing
5. Despite criticism from political opponents, the new president continues his __________ abroad to appeal foreign countries to invest in Indonesia. (C2)
- to travel
- traveled
- traveling
- be traveling
- to be traveled
6. According to the latest issue of the journal of the American Medical Association, ___________ can reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death. (A)
- fish being eaten every week
- if we eat fish once a week
- to eat weekly fish
- fish to be eaten weekly
- eating fish just once a week
7. Little children are usually afraid of ________ by their mothers. (B1–passive)
- left
- to leave
- being left
- leaving
- been leaving
8. We are astonished at __________ a good score for his English test inspite of his poor English. (C2)
- he gets
- his getting
- to get
- getting
- get
8. “It’s hot in here, the air conditioner is not working.”
“I think it only needs __________.” (C3)
- to clean
- cleaning
- cleaned
- clean
- be cleaned
9. “What was he punished for?”
“_______ others to break the school rules” (B1)
- when he persuaded
- persuading
- in order to persuade
- by persuaded
- to persuade
10. At new year’s eve ________ continued until early in the morning. (A)
- to sing and to dance
- they sing and dance
- singing and dancing
- song and dancing
- they’s singing and dancing
11. I don’t like ____________ to another school. (C2)
- Mira moves
- Mira she’s moving
- Mira moved
- Mira’s moving
- The moving of Mira
12. Would you mind _________ so loud? (C1)
- not talk
- to not talk
- not talking
- you not talk
- not to talking
13. “I don’t remember giving him my address”, means __________ (C1)
- I had to give him my address, but I forgot to do it
- I gave him my address, but I forgot about it
- I must not forget to give him my address
- If I remember, I will give him my address
- Giving him my address in one thing I must remember
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